加藤 健

論説(Article)

In the early 20th century before the New Deal, a change took place in labor relations in the United States which was substantial enough to cause chronic unemployment. The purpose of this paper is to examine American thinking on social security during the 1910s, particularly the specific issue of what type of unemployment insurance was needed in the United States and, from a historical standpoint, to compare American ideas with those of European countries during the same period. The focus here is on two daring plans: the prevention of unemployment and the compensation for unemployment. Throu...

John Rogers Commons (1862-1945), one of the founders of American institutionalism, developed original ideas on economic democracy, collective bargaining, and a vision for "reasonable capitalism" in the economy of the changing American society of the first half of the 20th century. The purpose of this paper is to examine Commons's design for institutions able to function effectively not only amid the changing relationships between employer and employee, but also in the face of legal decisions made during the late 19th and early 20th century. To that end, I analyze specific issues that Common...