西本 博之

The images that our eyes perceive are slightly different from the objects. Images in visual space are illusions. However, they are indeed based on optics. In physical space, parallel lines never intersect. In visual space, however, parallel lines intersect at the vanishing point. This is not limited to the human eye; camera lenses produce images similarly. If visual space is spherical, the phenomenon of intersecting parallel lines is no mystery. This paper provides a new geometric model considering the intersection of parallel lines at vanishing points.

尿中ラミニン-γ2モノマーの非筋肉浸潤性膀胱癌の有力なバイオマーカーとしての臨床的評価。NMP22、BTA、細胞診などの従来の尿腫瘍マーカーと比較した。

Background: Time disorientation is one of the main symptoms observed in patients with dementia; however, their clock-reading ability has not been fully reported. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clock-reading ability of both digital and analog clocks in patients with dementia. We newly devised the clock-reading test (CRT) and the number-reading test (NRT) to assess cognitive factors that may affect clock-reading ability. Furthermore, the discriminating power of the CRT was calculated. Methods: 104 participants were categorized based on their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores as follows: subjective cognitive decline ∼ mild cognitive impairment (SCD∼MCI, N = 43), early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (N = 26), and middle-to-late AD (N = 35). Their cognitive abilities were evaluated using the clock-drawing test (CDT), CRT, and NRT. Results: Cognitive decline leads to impairment of clock-reading ability which is more pronounced in the analog clocks than digital ones. This deficit in clock-reading is attributed to a loss of semantic memory regarding clocks at all stages. Additionally, visuospatial dysfunction and reduced ability of number recognition may lead to deficit in clock-reading in the advanced stage of AD. The discriminating power of the CRT (analog) (AUC = 0.853) was high enough to detect cognitive decline. Conclusion: Digital clocks are more readable by patients with dementia. Since reading clocks is closely associated with daily life, the CRT has proved to be a useful tool. A decline of analog clock-reading may be an early detector for the onset of dementia in elderly patients.

Background: With the rapid aging of the population, the issue of driving by dementia patients has been causing increasing concern worldwide. Objective: To investigate the driving difficulties faced by senior drivers with cognitive impairment and identify the specific neuropsychological tests that can reflect specific domains of driving maneuvers. Methods: Senior drivers with cognitive impairment were investigated. Neuropsychological tests and a questionnaire on demographic and driving characteristics were administered. Driving simulator tests were used to quantify participants’ driving errors in various domains of driving. Results: Of the 47 participants, 23 current drivers, though they had better cognitive functions than 24 retired drivers, were found to have impaired driving performance in the domains of Reaction, Starting and stopping, Signaling, and Overall (wayfinding and accidents). The parameters of Reaction were significantly related to the diagnosis, and the scores of MMSE, TMT-A, and TMT-B. As regards details of the driving errors, “Sudden braking” was associated with the scores of MMSE (ρ= –0.707, p < 0.01), BDT (ρ= –0.560, p < 0.05), and ADAS (ρ= 0.758, p < 0.01), “Forgetting to use turn signals” with the TMT-B score (ρ= 0.608, p < 0.05), “Centerline crossings” with the scores of MMSE (ρ= –0.582, p < 0.05) and ADAS (ρ= 0.538, p < 0.05), and “Going the wrong way” was correlated with the score of CDT (ρ= –0.624, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Different neuropsychological factors serve as predictors of different specific driving maneuvers segmented from driving performance.

錯視の原理として諸説論じられているが，遠近法が幾何学的錯視の基本原理であるとすると，多くの錯視が比較的シンプルに説明できる．錯視がこのように遠近感覚に基づく副産物であるとすると，錯視は心が作り出す単なる幻想ではなく，必要に迫られて身につけた脳力の一つである．従ってこのように経験や学習により習得した能力であるならば，いずれAIも学習により全ての錯視を経験するとした観察研究の論文．

油絵と違いソフトパステルには見た瞬間の感動を速写することができる利点がある。このため色揃えは画家にとって重要な要素の一つである。色揃えは、文化、環境、照明器具の進化に合わせ、その配色を時代と共に変化させている．本研究は、欧米文化を日本に取り入れようとしていた古き良き時代の日本製ソフトパステルの色揃えと、日本・フランスの伝統色との比較に関する研究である。

伝統工芸技術を現代の技術開発に融合させる試みの一つで，炭素繊維強化プラスチック（CFRP）の繊維形態に，組み紐の構造を適用させることで，自由に剛性（強度）分布を変化させることを可能とする設計技術に関する学位論文．

自動制御システムのセンサ部品として，太陽電池パネル（半導体）の温度特性と光ファイバの伝送路としての特性を活かした温度センサに関する修士論文．